You Can't Handle The Truth! The snarling Colonel Jessup, from A Few Good Men, reiterates the long-standing conviction among political and military elites that the people cannot be trusted with all the facts. It is their contention that Democracy, if it is not to end in the ruin of the state, must be managed by its wisest and most experienced servants, through the judicious use of what the philosopher, Plato, called "Noble Lies".
IT WAS JUNE, 2008, at the University of Otago’s Foreign
Policy School, that I discovered exactly how much the New Zealand political
class despises democracy. The man who spelled it out was Lance Beath, one of
that peculiar breed of military academics who flit between university
departments, policy institutes, and those shadowy consultancies whose
definitive client lists remain conveniently undisclosed.
Having delivered what I hoped was a robust defence of the
people’s right to determine the foreign policy of their own country, I was keen
to hear Beath’s rebuttal. It came in the form of a cautionary tale drawn from
Ancient Greek history.
The story he told was of that of the Athenian
politician-general, Themistocles, who was determined to protect his city from
the Persian Empire. Since Athens was too small to defeat the might of the
Persians on land, Themistocles knew that his city’s only hope of remaining free
was to defeat them at sea. Athens needed to build a mighty navy.
Except that Athens, being a democracy, was most unlikely to
voluntarily assume the financial burden which the construction of an effective
battle-fleet would necessarily entail.
It was here that Beath began to warm to his task.
How did Themistocles persuade his fellow citizens to vote
the Athenian Republic the taxes necessary to build a navy big enough to defeat
the Persians? The answer, Beath told his audience of MFAT bureaucrats, foreign
diplomats, assorted academics and ambitious students, was simple – he tricked
them!
Athens had for some time been embroiled in a struggle with
Aegina (a rival Greek sea-power) and Themistocles argued that only by
constructing a powerful battle-fleet of 200 triremes could Athens finally put
the Aeginetans in their place.
Without Themistocle’s trickery, argued Beath, the Athenians
would not have been able to defeat the naval armada of the Persian Emperor,
Darius, at the Battle of Salamis. Athens (and the rest of Greece) was saved,
Beath snidely concluded, not by its much vaunted democracy, but by the shrewd
manipulations of its political leader.
The message could not have been clearer. The people are too
selfish and too stupid to recognise the true interests of the nation. It is,
therefore, the duty of those wise and experienced servants of the state (among
whom it is important to include the commanders of the armed forces) who find
themselves labouring under the manifold disadvantages of the democratic form of
government, to master the art of leading the masses, by trickery and deception,
to those crucial decisions which they lack the wit to arrive at unaided.
Beath thus established, at the very beginning of the Foreign
Policy School’s inquiry into what role the people should play in the setting of
foreign policy, that only one answer would do: they must play the role of
dupes.
Wiser heads must tell the people who to hate and who they
should befriend. And if this requires the telling of lies – then so be it. They
would be necessary falsehoods. What the Greek philosopher, Plato, called “Noble
Lies”. The sort of political trickery resorted to by wise and benevolent
rulers, not in their own interests (heaven forbid!) but in the interests of a
population too ignorant to be entrusted with a more accurate account of events.
Beath’s message was indistinguishable from the one
elucidated so dramatically in the movie A
Few Good Men.
Defence counsel,
Lieutenant Daniel Kaffee (Tom Cruise) demands that the witness, Colonel Nathan
R. Jessup (Jack Nicolson) answer his questions. “You want answers?” sneers
Jessup. “I think I’m entitled to”, Kaffee responds. “You want answers?”, Jessup
sneers a second time, his voice rising in rage. “I want the truth!”, bellows
Kaffee. And in a voice laden with scorn and derision, Jessup barks back: “You
can’t handle the truth!”
Back in 2008, it was clear that Beath and his ilk still
regarded New Zealand’s anti-nuclear policy as a disaster: a cautionary tale of
what happens when the democratic masses over-rule the wiser counsels of their
betters, and begin to meddle directly in the formation of foreign policy. The
latest “Noble Lie” is that, for the people’s own safety, the Government must
participate in the war against Islamic State. No doubt today’s ‘wise heads’ see
Prime Minister Key as New Zealand’s very own Themistocles. A political leader
manipulating and tricking his ill-informed people – for their own good.
This essay was
originally posted on The Daily Blog
of Friday, 13 February 2015.
