Top Guns.

Imperial Firepower: An RAF Canberra bomber strikes an Egyptian airfield during the Suez Crisis of 1956. In 1958, the Royal New Zealand Air Force adopted the Canberra as its principal strike aircraft. The generation who owed their freedom to the US Navy’s vanquishing of the Imperial Japanese Navy at the Battle of Midway understood the importance of forward defence.

THE FARM I GREW UP ON had a paddock called “Canberra”. Not on account of any great regard the farm’s owner, my father, had for Australia’s capital city, but because that was the land he was clearing when a Canberra bomber flew low overhead. Between 1958 and 1970, the English Electric Canberra B.Mk.20 bomber was the Royal New Zealand Air Force’s principal strike aircraft. As I recall my father’s telling of the tale, a single Canberra bomber flew the length of the country to show New Zealanders what their government had purchased for their defence. As a former RNZAF officer, Tony Trotter was sufficiently impressed to name the paddock he was preparing “Canberra” in its honour.

The Canberra bombers of the RNZAF saw active service in the Indonesian-Malaysian Confrontation of the mid-1960s – a military engagement about which New Zealanders know next-to-nothing. In conformity with the New Zealand Government’s determination to contribute as little as it could get away with to the escalating conflict, its Canberra bombers were not deployed in Vietnam. They were replaced in 1971 by the Douglas A-4 Skyhawk.

I well recall the Anzac Day flyovers of the Skyhawks. The shriek of their engines, their astonishing speed, the blunt message of brute power they conveyed to all who saw and heard them. Very much a case of “your defence dollars at work”.

Helen Clark’s decision, in May 2001, to eliminate the RNZAF’s strike arm reflected her conviction that New Zealand existed in “a benign strategic environment” which simply did not merit the immense outlay of taxpayers’ funds required to purchase and maintain modern strike aircraft. The decision to reduce the RNZAF to a marine surveillance, transportation and search-and-rescue operation was also seen as an expression of the Fifth Labour Government’s determination to pursue an “independent foreign policy”.

Barely four months later, with the horrors of 9/11 still fresh in their minds, New Zealanders were asking: “What do we have to stop a highjacked airliner heading straight for the heart of our largest city?” The answer turned out to be prayers, since New Zealand no longer had the wings.

Since then, New Zealand’s strategic environment has declined to a condition well short of the word “benign”. Indeed, this country is now confronted with a geopolitical situation alarmingly similar to the one New Zealand confronted ninety years ago. This time, however, the great power flexing its military muscles is not Japan, but China. Like the Japanese imperialists who inflicted so much agony on the peoples of Asia (especially the Chinese) in the 1930s and 40s, the People’s Republic of China seems equally determined to impose its own version of “The Great East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” all the way to Africa – and beyond.

The strategic response of the United States in the 2020s is essentially the same as its response in the 1930s. It cannot permit a geopolitical competitor to project sufficient military and economic strength across the Pacific and Indian Oceans to threaten American hegemony in those theatres. Most particularly, the United States cannot contemplate in 2023, any more than it could in 1942, the loss of Australia and New Zealand. Stripped of these strategic anchors in the South Pacific and Indian Oceans, the United States ability to project its power would be severely compromised.

Hence the creation of AUKUS, the first step on the journey to JAINZUS – Japan, Australia, India, New Zealand and the United States – which is the most obvious military and economic combination for containing Chinese ambitions. The inclusion of the United Kingdom in the present AUKUS grouping serves sentimental rather than strategic purposes. The UK was too weak to defend its own empire in the 1940s. It’s even weaker now.

That New Zealand will become a member of JAINZUS (or whatever it ends up being called) is inevitable. These islands are too important to be left to their own devices. If we don’t throw in with the Americans and their mates, then we will be forced to throw in with the Chinese. (Not that the Americans will let it get to that point, not while they have the Aussies to keep us in line!)

My father’s generation, having been rescued by the US Navy, understood the importance of forward defence. Which is why whoever is ploughing “Canberra” in 2025 will likely re-name it “F-35A Lightning II”.

This essay was originally published in The Otago Daily Times and The Greymouth Star of Friday, 28 April 2023.

Vita Continuat.

MY SINCERE THANKS to all the visitors to Bowalley Road who, upon learning of my father's death, so kindly and so graciously conveyed their condolences. Your words have been a great support at this sad time.

As a strong supporter of this site, however, Dad would, I am sure, have wished me to lose as little time as possible in re-starting our political conversation.

That is what I now propose to do.

In the language of the Romans - with whom we seem to have more and more in common these days: Vita continuat.

Life goes on.

Chris Trotter.
18 March 2016

This posting is exclusive to Bowalley Road.

For Dad (A Poem)

Wheeling gulls enfold the tractor

like feathered confetti.

My father, head half-turned,

To keep the furrow straight,

Is dwarfed by the immensity

Of the paddock he has ploughed.

To my child’s eye,

The birds’ raucous accolade

Is well-deserved:    

My dad did that.

Sweat and blood and dust

Concoct a powerful remedy

For the dislocation

Of abandoned pastures:

The apprehension of new fields.

Lodged deep beneath the skin,

Close to the heart,

The quickened earth will find

A new way to speak.

My dad did that.

Discovering a grimy sack

Of be-mudded spuds.

Depression-era currency,

Deposited without ceremony,

At a country doctor’s back door.

Feeding my father’s early respect

For the raw honesty of the poor.

Heirlooms of a nation’s history,

These stories, passed down.

 

My dad did that.

 

The ravelling and

Unravelling of family.

A cast replenished –

Even as its heroes leave the stage.

The father’s trick,

To so play his part that,

In his children’s eyes,

He seems to grow larger

With every backward glance.

 

My dad’s done that. 

Chris Trotter

11 March 2016.

This poem is exclusive to Bowalley Road. 

Anthony Alexander Sinclair (Tony) Trotter: 1924 - 2016

 

Anthony Alexander Sinclair (Tony) Trotter

1924 - 2016

TONY TROTTER – “Mr Country Calendar” – died today (Wednesday, 9 March 2016) aged 91, from natural causes.

 

As the television broadcaster who chose its distinctive theme music, and moved the programme out of the studio and “into the field”, Tony shaped Country Calendar into the nation’s most beloved television series. The iconic programme, celebrating every aspect of rural life, is still being produced, and this year celebrated its own fiftieth anniversary.

Tony’s later work included the ground-breaking Natural World of the Maori, with Tipene O’Reagan, and the quirky A Dog’s Show – which turned the obscure country sport of sheep-dog trialling into a popular television show. Tony ended his broadcasting career in 1989 as the Executive Producer of Television New Zealand’s award-winning Natural History Unit in Dunedin.

 

The son of a country doctor, Tony was raised in Herbert, North Otago, during the Great Depression. He was educated at Otepopo School and Waitaki Boys High School. In 1943, aged 18, Tony joined the Royal New Zealand Air Force. He trained in Canada, and ended the Second World War as a Pilot Officer. Returning to New Zealand, he spent the next 20 years of his life as a farmer. His property, “Beaulieu”, was situated 5 miles east of Herbert. In 1951 he married school-teacher Margaret (Peggy) Marshall, also of Herbert. They had four children: Peter, Ruth, Christopher and Jane.

 

In 1965, Tony sold his farm (which was too small to remain profitable) and began an entirely new career as a broadcaster for the NZBC. After a short stint as a radio announcer in Timaru, Tony’s farming experience took him south to Invercargill and rural broadcasting. Two years as Southland’s rural broadcaster was rewarded with a promotion to Wellington, where he was soon involved in a fledgling television programme covering rural affairs called Country Calendar.

 

A well-respected and highly creative television producer, Tony also possessed a mischievous sense of humour. His Country Calendar “spoofs” – like the celebrated “playing the fence” sequence, in which “tuned” fencing wire was plucked to produce a deep, harp-like music – delighted the programme’s eager audience.

 

In retirement, Tony was an active member of Dunedin’s Pakeke Lions Club. He was also a tireless campaigner for Jim Anderton’s Alliance, and the principal backer of the left-leaning magazine, New Zealand Political Review.

 

He is survived by three of his children: Peter, Christopher and Jane. Three grandchildren: Margaret, Michael and Aelinor. A great-grandson: Lachlan. Daughters-in-Law: Cathie and Francesca. And Son-in-Law, Shane.

 

This posting is exclusive to Bowalley Road.

An Alibi For Absence.

The Men Behind Country Calendar:  From Left: Martin Didsbury, Frank Torley, Bill Knight and Tony Trotter photographed out "in the field" at some point during the 1970s. Absent from the iconic series, however, was any hint that prior to the arrival of the farming families Country Calendar regularly featured was half-a-millennium of Maori occupation and agriculture.

 

IT WAS FIFTY YEARS AGO, last week, that Country Calendar first appeared on New Zealanders’ television screens. The programme has gone on to earn for itself that most coveted of descriptions – iconic. Kiwis loved Country Calendar almost from the first broadcast. It expressed in a very special way the psychic link that binds even the most urbanised New Zealanders to the open spaces and rural enterprises that made their country possible.

 

I have more reason than most to honour Country Calendar because it was my father, Tony Trotter, who played a critical role in refining the programme’s compass and developing its unique production style. My teenage years were spent watching my dad as he sat at the kitchen table finalising, with the aid of a stop-watch, the script for that week’s episode. (That I have spent the best part of my life slaving away over a hot keyboard is no accident!)

 

It was only years later that a highly critical blog-post by a young Auckland writer, Tim Selwyn, gave me cause to think about Country Calendar in a very different way. Selwyn’s criticism was based on the undeniable fact that the programme was a celebration of the achievements of the generations of Pakeha settlers who built this country’s primary industries. Country Calendar inevitably dated the history of the particular farm or district they were covering from the time it was settled by Europeans. That these places had half-a-millennium of human history prior to European settlement remained both unspoken and unexamined.

 

In Selwyn’s scathing description, the typical farming family featured “will mention they lease a neighbouring Maori block but not think to mention the circumstances of how their farm became so. ‘The station’s history goes back over a hundred years…’ is the usual broad brush that covers over the confiscation, or seizure, or dirty deal typically behind a title that rests on little more than the white man’s naked land-grabbing. History only goes back to where the current owner wants it to go back on Country Calendar.”

 

Maori appeared in Country Calendar – as shearers and shepherds, fishermen and farmers – but almost never as the original occupiers, exploiters and owners of the land that has always been the real hero of the programme. It was an absence that I had simply failed to notice until Selwyn’s posting drew it to my attention.

 

Do I blame the original presenter of Country Calendar, the pipe-smoking Fred Barnes, for this crucial absence? No, of course not. Neither do I blame my father, nor his worthy successor, the programme’s long-time producer, Frank Torley. Because this absence has been a feature of New Zealand cultural life since, at least, the end of the land wars that effectively put an end to the thriving agricultural communities that Maori had constructed in the twenty years between the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi and the invasion of the Waikato by the Crown.

 

After the forcible subjugation of the Maori, what could Settler New Zealand possibly say about the actual origins of all the thriving farms and rural towns that sprang up in its wake? By any fair judgement, Settler New Zealand’s title to the land upon which, and out of which, its nationhood has been constructed remains, if not actually suspect, then, to put it very mildly, challengeable. (How challengeable is made clear in just about every judgement of the Waitangi Tribunal.) Unsurprisingly, the historical consensus, unspoken for the most part, was that if there was nothing good to say about the provenance of Pakeha rural property, then by far the best course of action was to say nothing at all.

 

In this respect, Country Calendar is guilty of nothing more than conforming to the cultural imperatives of its time. The temptation, as the son of the programme’s pivotal producer, is to say, rather warily: “Ah, but that was then and this is now. New Zealand has changed hugely since 1966.” (As part of the production team behind Mana Whenua - Natural World of the Maori, presented by Sir Tipene O’Reagan, my father was part of that change.)

 

But has it really? In the last fortnight, the head of Te Whakaruruhau, the Maori broadcasters’ association, Willie Jackson, has fronted a full-scale assault on what he alleges is Radio New Zealand’s dearth of Maori content and coverage. Is the cultural absence that Selwyn exposed in his 2013 posting about Country Calendar also a feature of the last real exemplar of public broadcasting in New Zealand? More critically, what would happen to RNZ’s audience if that absence was made good?

 

Even more subversively, has the advent of Maori radio stations and Maori Television, by separating (ghettoising?) the cultural expression of New Zealand’s original agriculturalists, provided the prime conveyors of Pakeha iconography – like Country Calendar and RNZ – with an alibi for absence?

 

This essay was originally published in The Press of Tuesday, 1 March 2016.